A Comparative Analysis of Morphological Derivation in Nigerian Indigenous Languages: A Focus on Yoruba and Igbo
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
Morphological derivation—the process of creating new words by adding affixes—plays a crucial role in the evolution of Nigerian indigenous languages such as Yoruba and Igbo. These languages exhibit rich derivational systems that not only expand vocabulary but also encode cultural and social meanings (Ogundele, 2023). This study undertakes a comparative analysis of morphological derivation in Yoruba and Igbo, examining how affixation and compounding mechanisms differ between the two languages. The research highlights the creativity and flexibility inherent in indigenous word formation processes, which are often influenced by cultural traditions, historical developments, and language contact (Nwankwo, 2024). By analyzing lexical items in contemporary usage and traditional contexts, the study aims to elucidate patterns of morphological productivity and the sociolinguistic factors that drive them. Furthermore, it explores how modernization and digital communication are impacting traditional derivational processes. This comparative approach not only enriches our understanding of the structural differences between Yoruba and Igbo but also provides insights into the broader implications for language preservation and education (Afolabi, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Despite the rich morphological systems in Yoruba and Igbo, there is a scarcity of comparative research focusing on derivational processes in these languages. Current studies often treat each language in isolation, neglecting the potential insights gained from a comparative perspective (Ogundele, 2023). The lack of systematic analysis on how affixation and compounding contribute to vocabulary growth hinders the development of comprehensive linguistic models. Additionally, rapid cultural changes and the influence of digital communication may be altering traditional derivational patterns, leading to inconsistencies in language usage (Nwankwo, 2024). This study seeks to address these gaps by comparing morphological derivation in Yoruba and Igbo, thereby offering recommendations for language preservation and education (Afolabi, 2025).
Objectives of the Study:
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To compare morphological derivation processes in Yoruba and Igbo.
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To identify key affixes and compounding patterns in both languages.
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To assess the impact of modernization on traditional derivational practices.
Research Questions:
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What are the predominant derivational processes in Yoruba and Igbo?
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How do affixation and compounding differ between the two languages?
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What is the effect of modern influences on traditional morphological derivation?
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it offers a comparative analysis of morphological derivation in Yoruba and Igbo, enhancing our understanding of indigenous language structure and evolution. The findings will inform linguistic theory, support language preservation efforts, and guide educational practices in multilingual contexts. By bridging research on two major Nigerian languages, the study contributes to a more integrated approach to understanding language change and innovation (Afolabi, 2025).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to examining morphological derivation in Yoruba and Igbo. It focuses exclusively on derivational processes and does not address other linguistic features or indigenous languages outside of these two.
Definitions of Terms:
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Morphological Derivation: The process of forming new words by adding affixes to a base.
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Affixation: The attachment of prefixes, suffixes, or infixes to a word stem.
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Compounding: The creation of new words by combining two or more existing words.
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